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Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS-15)3

Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS-15) Test

In 15 questions and about three minutes, the Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS-15) Test explores how you engage with life, respond to change, and feel able to influence events. Your result highlights patterns of coping and involvement, offering a focused opportunity for self-reflection about meaning, challenges, and everyday responses.

Questions: 153 minutes

Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS-15): test ticket with numbers

October 2, 2025October 2, 2025Material has been updatedOctober 2, 2025Material has been published

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Daniel Hall Psychologist · Test reviewer

1,836 likes

Scale Explorer

How the Scales are Structured

Risk AcceptanceRA

Measures willingness to view change and new situations as opportunities and to engage with challenges rather than avoid them.

example score15/20

15/20Risk-seekingexample score

0 – 7Cautious

8 – 14Balanced

15 – 20Risk-seeking

A score of 15 falls in the Risk-seeking range, suggesting an above-average openness to new experiences and a tendency to approach change as a challenge.

ControlC

Control measures the extent to which a person believes they can influence and manage events in their life, especially under stress.

example score15/20

15/20High controlexample score

0 – 8Low control

9 – 14Moderate control

15 – 20High control

A score of 15 indicates high perceived control, suggesting you generally feel able to take responsibility and influence outcomes even in challenging situations.

CommitmentC

Engagement measures how interested and involved a person tends to be in life events and how meaningful they perceive them to be.

example score11/20

11/20Moderate engagementexample score

0 – 6Low engagement

7 – 13Moderate engagement

14 – 20High engagement

A score of 11 suggests a moderate level of engagement, indicating a generally present and interested approach to life events with some variability in sustained involvement or meaning-making.

Dispositional Resilience (Hardiness)DR

Measures overall psychological hardiness, reflecting resilience to stress, perceived control, and the ability to maintain inner balance under pressure.

example score20/60

20/60Low hardinessexample score

0 – 20Low hardiness

21 – 40Moderate hardiness

41 – 60High hardiness

A score of 20 falls in the Low hardiness range, suggesting limited stress-buffering resources and a greater likelihood of strain when facing sustained challenges.

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DATA-BASED USER COHORTS

Who Usually Takes This Test?

Employees in high-stress roles

41%OF USERS

People in demanding jobs take it to see how well they stay calm, flexible, and in control under pressure.

Counseling and coaching clients

34%OF USERS

Individuals in therapy or coaching use it to understand their stress coping strengths and what to develop next.

Teams and training groups

25%OF USERS

Groups take it to map resilience differences across members and guide support or development plans.

BASED ON AGGREGATED, ANONYMIZED DATA FROM TENS OF THOUSANDS OF FREUDLY USERS.

Benchmarking

See How You Compare

Once you complete the test, your results are compared with real-world data from people in your country.
Below is a preview of how scores are typically distributed across each scale.

Shaded area — where most people score

Dot — the average

You — your score lands on each curve after the test— your score, after the test

Taking a RiskTaR

You?

Average8.4

Typical rangeTypical6 – 10.9

Possible0 – 20

ControlC

You?

Average10.1

Typical rangeTypical7.1 – 13.1

Possible0 – 20

EngagementE

You?

Average8.5

Typical rangeTypical6 – 10.9

Possible0 – 20

Dispositional Stability ScaleDSS

You?

Average31

Typical rangeTypical23.6 – 38.4

Possible0 – 60

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SAMPLE QUESTIONS

Example Questions From the Test

- Never
- Rarely
- Sometimes
- Often
- Almost always
- Never
- Rarely
- Sometimes
- Often
- Almost always
- Never
- Rarely
- Sometimes
- Often
- Almost always

These are 3 of the 15 real questions — the rest appear in the test. No sign-up needed to start.

WHAT THE TEST MEASURES

Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS-15) Test - Description and methodology of the test

stress resistance

resilience

For people seeking a structured way to examine ordinary demands, the Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS-15) Test offers a focused self-report profile. The result presents four dimensions, helping readers see whether one area stands out or their responses form an even pattern. With this dispositional resilience assessment, you can compare the four dimensions with the concern you want to explore, such as feeling stuck, overwhelmed, detached, or ready for change.

What This Assessment Explores

Questions center on meaning, routine, novelty, challenge, and personal responsibility. They suit readers who want to examine coping tendencies without treating them as fixed traits. The hardiness assessment shows which parts of engagement, openness, agency, and overall resilience appear stronger in the current profile.

The result is organized around four reported dimensions:

Commitment (0-20) measures meaningful engagement: Low engagement (0-6), Moderate engagement (7-13), and High engagement (14-20).
Risk Acceptance (0-20) measures openness to change: Cautious (0-7), Balanced (8-14), and Risk-seeking (15-20).
Control (0-20) measures perceived influence over events: Low control (0-8), Moderate control (9-14), and High control (15-20).
Dispositional Resilience (Hardiness) (0-60) summarizes coping and balance: Low hardiness (0-20), Moderate hardiness (21-40), and High hardiness (41-60).

Read together, these scores offer a concise view of how the respondent relates to involvement, change, agency, and difficulty.

Methodology and Scientific Basis

The questionnaire is conceptually consistent with the published Dispositional Resilience Scale-15 (DRS-15) and the hardiness model. Its items use a five-point frequency format, from Never to Almost always, and ask about meaning, routine, change, challenge, and influence. This DRS-15 questionnaire combines responses into component scores and an overall profile; displayed bands organize results descriptively rather than adding norm-based interpretation.

The hardiness model is associated with Suzanne Kobasa, Salvatore Maddi, and Stephen Kahn, whose component traits describe ways of meeting stress. This online version should not be assumed to reproduce every procedure used in published administrations.

Evidence includes Bartone's 2007 test-retest study of the 15-item instrument and an Italian validation by Picardi and colleagues in 2012. Those studies support using the DRS-15 as a brief hardiness measure, but do not automatically provide norms for this online administration.

Because responses depend on current circumstances, self-awareness, and self-presentation, one profile is a starting point for reflecting on coping across situations; broader assessment may be needed for high-stakes decisions.

Author: Deborah M. Khoshaba, Salvatore R. Maddi

Literature:

Paul T. Bartone. (2007). Test-Retest Reliability of the Dispositional Resilience Scale-15, a Brief Hardiness Scale. Psychological Reports, 101(3 Pt 1), 943-944. 10.2466/pr0.101.3.943-944
Angelo Picardi, Paul T. Bartone, Raffaella Querci, Daniela Bitetti, Lorenzo Tarsitani, Valentina Roselli, Annalisa Maraone, Elisa Fabi, Francesco De Michele, Ilaria Gaviano, Brian Flynn, Robert Ursano, and Massimo Biondi. (2012). Development and validation of the Italian version of the 15-item Dispositional Resilience Scale. Rivista di Psichiatria, 47(3), 231-237. 10.1708/1128.12446
Suzanne C. Kobasa, Salvatore R. Maddi, and Stephen Kahn. (1982). Hardiness and health: A prospective study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42(1), 168-177. 10.1037/0022-3514.42.1.168

Updated: 2025-10-02