Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS-18) Test
How the Scales are Structured
Who Usually Takes This Test?
See How You Compare
Below is a preview of how scores are typically distributed across each scale.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Example Questions From the Test
- Almost never
- Sometimes
- Often
- Almost always
- Never
- Sometimes
- Often
- All the time
- Never
- Sometimes
- Often
- All the time
Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS-18) Test - Symptoms and Signs
This self-report measure assesses a person’s tendency to engage in repetitive, persistent thinking about distress and its implications. The Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS-18) is commonly used to characterize ruminative response styles associated with emotional distress.
It consists of 18 items and typically takes about 4 minutes to complete. Items query how individuals think or respond when feeling down or upset, supporting clinical case formulation and monitoring change over time. The measure is attributed to Sonja Lyubomirsky, Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, and Jannay Morrow.
Scores from the Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS-18) are interpreted as an index of ruminative tendency rather than as a standalone diagnosis, and should be considered alongside clinical interview data and other validated measures as appropriate.