Russian-Language Causality Orientations Questionnaire Test

How the Scales are Structured
Who Usually Takes This Test?
See How You Compare
Below is a preview of how scores are typically distributed across each scale.
Example Questions From the Test
- 1 (no)
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- 7 (yes)
- 1 (no)
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- 7 (yes)
- 1 (no)
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- 7 (yes)
Russian-Language Causality Orientations Questionnaire Test - Description and methodology of the test
A person considering this self-determination questionnaire may be trying to make sense of recurring choices, reactions to pressure, or difficulty acting when circumstances shift. It offers a comparative profile that organizes these reflections across situations, so the result can highlight contrasts between preferred ways of responding rather than isolate a memorable event. The Russian-Language Causality Orientations Questionnaire Test gives that reflection a structured way to examine patterns in everyday decision-making.
What This Assessment Explores
Items cover criticism, unfairness, unfamiliar groups, purchases, work changes, leisure, and disrupted plans. They reveal how preferences meet approval, authority, convenience, uncertainty, or passivity in everyday reactions.
The three reported orientations are:
- Impersonal Orientation (26-182) reflects learned helplessness, low self-determination, and automatic or stereotyped behavior; Low 26-90, Moderate 91-145, High 146-182.
- External (Control) (26-182) reflects reliance on outside incentives and control, with rigidity or stress when self-direction is limited; Low external control 26-90, Moderate external control 91-145, High external control 146-182.
- Internal (Autonomy) (26-182) reflects awareness of needs, independent choice, conscious regulation, flexibility, and less self-blame; Low autonomy 26-90, Moderate autonomy 91-145, High autonomy 146-182.
Together, the scores form a causality orientation profile describing tendencies across the situations sampled and showing which motivational patterns are more prominent.
Methodology and Evidence Base
In the sample, this online causality orientation questionnaire presents three possible reactions or decision principles, while the respondent rates how well each option fits on a seven-point continuum from no to yes. Choices address comfort, approval, fashion, authority, convenience, uncertainty, and inaction. Responses are aggregated into three orientation scores; the displayed ranges do not show how many points an answer contributes.
The 78-item online version is an English translation of ROKO-26, a Russian-language version adapted from Deci and Ryan's General Causality Orientations Scale. Its framework comes from self-determination theory and the General Causality Orientations Scale developed by Edward L. Deci and Richard M. Ryan. The digital questionnaire therefore represents that adaptation rather than a direct reproduction of the original instrument.
For this online version, the displayed bands are questionnaire-specific score-level descriptions, not a claim about population norms. Interpretation is comparative and contextual: a high or low band indicates the strength of a measured tendency within this scoring system, not a diagnosis or fixed personality verdict. Because responses are self-reported, current mood, self-awareness, social desirability, and understanding of a scenario can affect the profile.
- Dergacheva, O. E., Dorfman, L. Ya., & Leontiev, D. A. (2008). Russian-Language Adaptation of the Causality Orientations Questionnaire. Moscow University Psychology Bulletin: Series 14, Psychology, (3), 91-106.
- Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). The General Causality Orientations Scale: Self-Determination in Personality. Journal of Research in Personality, 19(2), 109-134. 10.1016/0092-6566(85)90023-6
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