Research Methodology Quiz

Example Questions From the Test

• 1A study finds that people who carry lighters have higher rates of lung disease. Smoking is associated with both carrying a lighter and lung disease. In this relationship, smoking is best described as what?
  • A sampling frame
  • A dependent variable
  • A placebo effect
  • A confounding variable
• 2In a significance test, what does a p-value represent?
  • Assuming the null hypothesis and model assumptions, the probability of results at least as extreme as those observed
  • The probability that an identical study will produce the same result
  • The probability that the null hypothesis is true after seeing the data
  • The size or practical importance of the observed effect
• 3Participants are randomly assigned to drink either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee before completing a reaction-time task. What is the independent variable?
  • The participants’ reaction time
  • The number of participants in each group
  • The type of coffee participants receive
  • The equipment used to measure reaction time