Psychological Space Sovereignty Questionnaire (PSS) Test
Understand how confidently someone sets and protects personal boundaries in about 13 minutes. Get clear, actionable insights across key areas of personal space for adults, teens, and family work.
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08:30
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How the Scales are Structured
DATA-BASED USER COHORTS
Who Usually Takes This Test?
BASED ON AGGREGATED, ANONYMIZED DATA FROM TENS OF THOUSANDS OF FREUDLY USERS.
RESULTS YOU CAN ACTUALLY USE
What You’ll See After You Finish the Test
Benchmarking
See How You Compare
Once you finish the test, your results will be compared with real-world data from people in your country.
Below is a preview of the benchmarks we use to place your score in context.
Below is a preview of the benchmarks we use to place your score in context.
Confidence in values (Civ)
Average
-5.2
Normal range
-9.7 — -0.6
min.
-14
max.
14
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Confidence in Social Connections (CiSC)
Average
-2.5
Normal range
-4.9 — -0.2
min.
-7
max.
7
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Confidence in Habits (CiH)
Average
-1.9
Normal range
-6.2 — 2.4
min.
-12
max.
12
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Confidence in the World of Things (CitWoT)
Average
-6.3
Normal range
-10.8 — -1.8
min.
-13
max.
13
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Territorial Confidence (TC)
Average
-0.8
Normal range
-3.8 — 2.3
min.
-10
max.
10
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Physical Body Confidence (PBC)
Average
-2.4
Normal range
-5.4 — 0.6
min.
-11
max.
11
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Confidence in the Psychological Space (CitPS)
Average
2.8
Normal range
-21.7 — 27.3
min.
-67
max.
67
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
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CLEAR ANSWERS TO COMMON QUESTIONS
Frequently Asked Questions
Any questions left?
What does this questionnaire measure?
It measures how securely personal boundaries are perceived and maintained in everyday settings, including work and family contexts. It covers physical body, territory, possessions, habits, social connections, and values.
Who can take this questionnaire?
It is suitable for adolescents and adults. It may be used in individual assessment or as part of work with couples or families.
How long does it take to complete and how many items are included?
Completion time is about 13 minutes. It includes 67 items.
How should responses be selected?
Select the response that best matches typical behavior and feelings rather than a single unusual event. Answer all items unless instructions state otherwise.
How are results interpreted?
Scores describe the relative strength of boundaries across the six areas, indicating where sovereignty is stable and where it is less protected. Results should be interpreted alongside other clinical or organizational information.
WHAT THE TEST MEASURES
About This Assessment
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Psychological Space Sovereignty Questionnaire (PSS) Test
This questionnaire is used to assess perceived personal boundary regulation across everyday domains. The Psychological Space Sovereignty Questionnaire (PSS) is intended to support clinical and counseling formulations related to autonomy, privacy, and boundary-setting in adolescents and adults.
The measure includes 67 items and typically takes about 13 minutes to complete. Content is organized around multiple domains of psychological space (e.g., bodily autonomy, personal territory, possessions, routines, social ties, and personal values), helping to characterize how consistently an individual experiences and protects these boundaries across contexts.
The Psychological Space Sovereignty Questionnaire (PSS) is attributed to Irwin Altman and may be used alongside interview and collateral information to inform case conceptualization; interpretation should consider developmental stage, cultural norms, and situational demands.
Author: Irwin Altman
Literature: Altman, I. The environment and social behavior: Privacy, personal space, territory, and crowding. Brooks/Cole. 1975.; Westin, A. F. Privacy and freedom. Atheneum. 1967.; Brown, G., Lawrence, T. B., & Robinson, S. L. Territoriality in organizations. Academy of Management Review. 2005.
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