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Psychological Mindedness Scale (PMS) Test

Understand awareness of thoughts and feelings in about 9 minutes. Get clear, actionable insight for therapy goals, progress tracking, or research using a 45 item measure.
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Questions: 459 minutes
Hi! My name is Freudly, i am an AI therapist, I will give you an interpretation of the test after you complete it.
08:30
October 2, 2025
October 2, 2025
Material has been updated
26033 views
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Scale Explorer
How the Scales are Structured
example score
10/20
Openness to New Experiences (OtNE)
Measures openness to new life situations and willingness to embrace change despite potential risk.
Low openness
Moderate openness
High openness
5 – 9: Low openness | 10 – 15: Moderate openness | 16 – 20: High openness
A score of 10 indicates moderate openness, suggesting some readiness to try new experiences while still preferring a degree of predictability.
example score
21/24
Willingness to Discuss Feelings (WtDF)
Measures readiness and willingness to openly share and discuss one’s inner experiences with others.
Reserved
Selective sharing
Open discussion
6 – 12: Reserved | 13 – 18: Selective sharing | 19 – 24: Open discussion
A score of 21 falls in the Open discussion range, suggesting you are generally comfortable bringing personal feelings and experiences into conversation with others.
example score
18/24
Perceived Benefits of Discussing Feelings (PBoDF)
Assesses how strongly a person believes that talking with others about their feelings and experiences is beneficial.
Low perceived benefit
Moderate perceived benefit
High perceived benefit
6 – 12: Low perceived benefit | 13 – 18: Moderate perceived benefit | 19 – 24: High perceived benefit
A score of 18 indicates a moderate belief that discussing feelings with others is helpful, suggesting openness to dialogue in some situations but not consistently.
example score
16/24
Accessibility of Emotional Experience (AoEE)
Measures how accessible and understandable your internal experiences (emotions and thoughts) are for conscious awareness and reflection.
Low accessibility
Moderate accessibility
High accessibility
6 – 12: Low accessibility | 13 – 18: Moderate accessibility | 19 – 24: High accessibility
A score of 16 indicates a moderate level of accessibility, suggesting you can usually notice and make sense of your emotions and thoughts, though some experiences may be harder to articulate or analyze.
example score
23/28
Interest in Inner Experiences (IiIE)
Measures how interested and attentive a person is to their own inner experiences and emotional states.
Low
Moderate
High
7 – 14: Low | 15 – 21: Moderate | 22 – 28: High
A score of 23 falls in the High range, suggesting a pronounced tendency toward self-reflection and sustained attention to feelings and inner experience.
example score
103/180
Psychological Mindedness (PM)
Assesses how clearly a person recognizes, reflects on, and makes sense of their own emotions, thoughts, and psychological processes.
Low insight
Moderate insight
High insight
45 – 89: Low insight | 90 – 134: Moderate insight | 135 – 180: High insight
A score of 103 falls in the Moderate insight range, suggesting a generally adequate capacity for self-reflection and emotional openness with room to deepen understanding of inner experiences.
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DATA-BASED USER COHORTS
Who Usually Takes This Test?
Therapy clients in progress
41%OF USERS
People already in counseling use it to gauge how aware they are of feelings and thoughts and to track changes during therapy.
Self-reflection seekers
34%OF USERS
Curious self-improvers take it to understand how connected they are to their inner experience and emotional reactions.
Psychology students and researchers
25%OF USERS
Learners and researchers use it for quick assessment in studies or training to compare psychological awareness across groups.
BASED ON AGGREGATED, ANONYMIZED DATA FROM TENS OF THOUSANDS OF FREUDLY USERS.
RESULTS YOU CAN ACTUALLY USE
What You’ll See After You Finish the Test
Scale Results
— Explained Clearly
Your scores across each test scale, translated into plain, usable insights. Not just numbers, but what they actually mean for your daily life, emotional state, and overall well-being.
AI-Powered
Interpretation
A structured, clinically grounded explanation. Our AI analyzes patterns and relationships between scales to provide a coherent interpretation — without alarmist language.
Statistical
Comparison
See how you compare to others. Your scores are placed in a statistical context, showing percentiles and trends based on anonymized platform data to help you understand what`s typical.
Practical
Recommendations
Actionable guidance tailored to your profile. Receive clear, realistic suggestions you can apply immediately — focused on coping, self-regulation, and realistic next steps.
AI-Detected
Insights
Key patterns you might not notice on your own. Surfacing subtle connections in your responses that help you better understand what may be driving your current results.
Discuss with
an AI Psychologist
Clarify, reflect, and explore right away. Talk through your outcomes, ask questions, and explore meanings in a calm, non-diagnostic dialogue environment.
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Used in 52+ countries
Benchmarking
See How You Compare
Once you finish the test, your results will be compared with real-world data from people in your country.
Below is a preview of the benchmarks we use to place your score in context.
Openness to New Experiences (OtNE)
Average
13.1
Normal range
10.4 — 15.8
min.
5
max.
20
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
The desire to discuss experiences (Tdtde)
Average
14.6
Normal range
11.5 — 17.7
min.
6
max.
24
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Benefits of Discussing Your Feelings (BoDYF)
Average
13.2
Normal range
10.1 — 16.4
min.
6
max.
24
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Accessibility of Experiences (AoE)
Average
18.6
Normal range
16.1 — 21.2
min.
6
max.
24
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Interest in the field of experiences (Iitfoe)
Average
18.3
Normal range
15.6 — 20.9
min.
7
max.
28
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
Psychological Rationality Scale (PRS)
Average
105
Normal range
80.5 — 129.5
min.
45
max.
180
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
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“The process is simple. The test covers everything you need, and you’ll get a clear breakdown of your results. For just a few dollars, it’s a great value.”
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“There are lots of different tests to pick from, and the price is surprisingly low for how much insight you get.”
— Olivia W., CA
“I was pleasantly surprised when I read the results. It was as if someone had sorted out my messy thoughts and given me useful tips to help me speak with more confidence.”
— Grace O., IE
“It was really solid, very detailed, and it actually helped me make sense of a lot of things.”
— Carla T., TT
“I was really impressed with the report. It was clear, thoughtful, and it reflected things I’ve been noticing about myself.”
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Trusted by 22k+ Users Worldwide
CLEAR ANSWERS TO COMMON QUESTIONS
Frequently Asked Questions

Any questions left?

What does this questionnaire measure?
It measures awareness of inner experience and engagement with emotions and thoughts. It also reflects interest in observing and understanding personal reactions.
How long does it take and how many items are included?
Typical completion time is about 9 minutes. The questionnaire includes 45 statements.
How should items be answered?
Each statement should be rated based on how well it describes current or typical experience. Responses should reflect the first, most accurate impression.
How are results structured?
Scores can be summarized as an overall index and as five related factors. Factor content may vary slightly across adaptations, while scoring follows the original item keys.
How are results commonly used?
Results support assessment of readiness to work with psychological processes and monitoring of change over time. They are used in clinical, counseling, and research settings.
WHAT THE TEST MEASURES
About This Assessment

Psychological Mindedness Scale (PMS) Test

cbtpsychological rationality

This self-report measure is used to assess an individual’s tendency to reflect on psychological processes and to attend to internal experiences. The Psychological Mindedness Scale (PMS), developed by Kirk Warren Brown and Ellen J. Langer, can support clinical case formulation and research when examining reflective functioning and openness to one’s thoughts and feelings.

The instrument consists of 45 items and typically requires about 9 minutes to complete. Responses are used to derive a summary indicator of psychological mindedness; results are generally interpreted in context with other clinical information rather than as a standalone diagnostic tool. The Psychological Mindedness Scale (PMS) may be used to characterize baseline individual differences and to monitor change over time in settings where insight-oriented processes are clinically relevant.

Author: Ellen J. Langer, Kirk Warren Brown, richard-m-ryan
Literature: Grant, A. M., Franklin, J., & Langford, P. The self-reflection and insight scale: A new measure of private self-consciousness. Social Behavior and Personality. 2002.; Conte, H. R., Plutchik, R., & Jung, B. Psychological mindedness as a predictor of psychotherapy outcome. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 1990.; Shill, M. A., & Lumley, M. A. The Psychological Mindedness Scale: Factor structure, convergent validity and gender in a non-psychiatric sample. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice. 2002.
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