Self-Determination Scale (SDS) Test
Understand how much you act from true choice and self-awareness in just 3 minutes. Get a fast, research-backed snapshot that supports coaching, therapy, or studies without adding burden.
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Scale Explorer
How the Scales are Structured
DATA-BASED USER COHORTS
Who Usually Takes This Test?
BASED ON AGGREGATED, ANONYMIZED DATA FROM TENS OF THOUSANDS OF FREUDLY USERS.
RESULTS YOU CAN ACTUALLY USE
Benchmarking
See How You Compare
Once you complete the test, your results are compared with real-world data from people in your country.
Below is a preview of how scores are typically distributed across each scale.
Below is a preview of how scores are typically distributed across each scale.
Self-Expression (S)
Average
3.2
Normal range
2.5 — 3.9
min.
1
max.
5
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Perceived Choice (PC)
Average
4
Normal range
3.5 — 4.5
min.
1
max.
5
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Authenticity (A)
Average
3.8
Normal range
3.1 — 4.5
min.
1
max.
5
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Self-Determination Index (SI)
Average
2.2
Normal range
1.5 — 2.8
min.
1
max.
5
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
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CLEAR ANSWERS TO COMMON QUESTIONS
Frequently Asked Questions
What does this questionnaire measure?
It measures perceived freedom of choice in behavior and the level of self-awareness during decision-making. Scores reflect the extent to which actions are experienced as self-endorsed versus externally driven.
Who is this questionnaire intended for?
It is intended for adolescents and adults in counseling, coaching, education, and research settings. It is not a diagnostic instrument for mental disorders.
How long does it take and what is the format?
It includes 12 items and typically takes about 3 minutes to complete. Items are answered using a fixed response scale.
How should results be interpreted?
Higher scores indicate a stronger sense of choice and clearer awareness of one’s motives and decisions. Lower scores indicate greater reliance on external pressures or reduced clarity about personal reasons for action.
Are there different versions and can scores be compared across them?
Two versions are commonly used, emphasizing authenticity/self-expression or conscious choice. Scores should be interpreted within the selected version and not treated as directly interchangeable.
WHAT THE TEST MEASURES
About This Assessment
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Self-Determination Scale (SDS) Test - Symptoms and Signs
This brief self-report measure is used to assess perceived autonomy and self-awareness related to personal decision-making. The Self-Determination Scale (SDS) can support clinical or research efforts that examine how individuals experience choice and self-directed behavior.
It includes 12 items and typically takes about 3 minutes to complete. Responses are intended to provide a high-level indicator of perceived choice and awareness of one’s actions, which may be considered alongside other clinical information and relevant contextual factors.
The Self-Determination Scale (SDS) is not a standalone diagnostic instrument and is best interpreted within the limits of self-report and the respondent’s current circumstances.
Author: edward-l-deci, richard-m-ryan
Literature: Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist. 2000.; Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Plenum Press. 1985.; Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. Guilford Press. 2017.; Sheldon, K. M., & Deci, E. L. The Self-Determination Scale. University of Rochester. 1993.
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