Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) Test

Understand how often you get stuck replaying worries and unhelpful thoughts in about 5 minutes. Results pinpoint key rumination patterns to guide targeted coping strategies and treatment planning.

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Questions: 225 minutes

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08:30

October 2, 2025

October 2, 2025
Material has been updated

October 2, 2025
Material has been published

23266 views

2144 completions

1857 likes

Scale Explorer

How the Scales are Structured

example score

10/20

Reflective Pondering (RP)

Measures the degree of purposeful self-analysis aimed at understanding difficulties and identifying possible solutions.

Low reflective thinking

Moderate reflective thinking

High reflective thinking

5 – 9: Low reflective thinking | 10 – 14: Moderate reflective thinking | 15 – 20: High reflective thinking

A score of 10 indicates a moderate tendency to engage in reflective self-analysis, suggesting some purposeful thinking about causes and solutions without it being especially prominent.

example score

14/20

Brooding (B)

Measures the intensity of passive, distressing repetitive thoughts that keep attention stuck on problems without moving toward solutions.

Low

Moderate

High

5 – 9: Low | 10 – 14: Moderate | 15 – 20: High

A score of 14 falls in the Moderate range, suggesting a noticeable tendency toward distressing, repetitive thoughts that may consume mental energy and make problem-solving feel harder.

example score

15/48

Depressive Brooding (DB)

Measures the tendency to engage in passive, gloomy comparisons and negative rumination linked to depressive experiences.

Low

Moderate

High

12 – 23: Low | 24 – 35: Moderate | 36 – 48: High

A score of 15 falls in the Low range, suggesting relatively infrequent passive, gloomy comparison-based rumination on this subscale.

example score

56/88

Rumination Scale (RS)

Assesses how strongly a person tends to engage in repetitive, intrusive thinking about their feelings and problems.

Low

Moderate

High

22 – 43: Low | 44 – 65: Moderate | 66 – 88: High

A score of 56 falls in the Moderate range, suggesting a noticeable tendency toward repetitive self-focused thinking that may make shifting attention away from concerns harder at times.

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DATA-BASED USER COHORTS

Who Usually Takes This Test?

Overthinkers stuck in loops

41%OF USERS

People who replay conversations, mistakes, or “what ifs” and want a quick read on how much their mind gets stuck.

Therapy and coaching clients

34%OF USERS

People already working on stress, anxiety, or habits who use the results to target unhelpful thinking patterns and build attention-shifting skills.

Students and researchers

25%OF USERS

People collecting data on thinking styles who need a brief, structured measure of rumination for a study or screening.

BASED ON AGGREGATED, ANONYMIZED DATA FROM TENS OF THOUSANDS OF FREUDLY USERS.

RESULTS YOU CAN ACTUALLY USE

What You’ll See After You Finish the Test

Scale Results
— Explained Clearly

Your scores across each test scale, translated into plain, usable insights. Not just numbers, but what they actually mean for your daily life, emotional state, and overall well-being.

AI-Powered
Interpretation

A structured, clinically grounded explanation. Our AI analyzes patterns and relationships between scales to provide a coherent interpretation — without alarmist language.

Statistical
Comparison

See how you compare to others. Your scores are placed in a statistical context, showing percentiles and trends based on anonymized platform data to help you understand what`s typical.

Practical
Recommendations

Actionable guidance tailored to your profile. Receive clear, realistic suggestions you can apply immediately — focused on coping, self-regulation, and realistic next steps.

AI-Detected
Insights

Key patterns you might not notice on your own. Surfacing subtle connections in your responses that help you better understand what may be driving your current results.

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Used in 52+ countries

Benchmarking

See How You Compare

Once you finish the test, your results will be compared with real-world data from people in your country.
Below is a preview of the benchmarks we use to place your score in context.

Reflective Thoughts (RT)

Average

10.2

Normal range

8.1 — 12.2

min.

max.

majority

This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.

A Heavy Contemplation (AHC)

Average

13.2

Normal range

10.6 — 15.8

min.

max.

majority

This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.

Depressive Experiences (DE)

Average

33.5

Normal range

28.6 — 38.4

min.

max.

majority

This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.

Rumination Scale (RS)

Average

62.2

Normal range

52.2 — 72.2

min.

max.

majority

This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.

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CLEAR ANSWERS TO COMMON QUESTIONS

Frequently Asked Questions

Any questions left?

What does this questionnaire measure?

It measures the tendency to dwell on problems, repeat negative thoughts, and stay focused on distress without moving toward resolution.

How should items be answered?

Select the response that best matches typical patterns over recent weeks. Answer all items using the same response scale provided.

How long does it take to complete?

Completion typically takes about 5 minutes.

How many questions are included?

The full form contains 22 items. Some settings use a shorter 10-item form to assess four subcomponents.

How are results used?

Scores summarize overall repetitive thinking and related subcomponents. Results can guide treatment planning or support research on thinking patterns.

WHAT THE TEST MEASURES

About This Assessment

Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) Test

cbt rumination

This measure assesses habitual responses to distress, with emphasis on repetitive, self-focused thinking. The Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) is used to characterize individual differences in rumination that may be relevant to case formulation and treatment planning.

The instrument contains 22 items and typically takes about 5 minutes to complete. Responses are commonly interpreted as an index of ruminative response style, supporting clinical discussion and research use when considered alongside other assessment data. The Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) is attributed here to psytests.org (2023).

Author: psytests.org (2023)

Literature: Watkins, E. R. Constructive and unconstructive repetitive thought. Psychological Bulletin. 2008.; Treynor, W., Gonzalez, R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. Rumination reconsidered: A psychometric analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research. 2003.

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