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Circadian preferences influence typical patterns of alertness and sleep timing across the day. The Horne–Ostberg Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) is a brief self-report measure used to estimate an individual’s tendency toward morningness or eveningness.
The instrument includes 19 items covering preferred sleep–wake timing, periods of peak alertness, and daily activity scheduling, and typically takes about 4 minutes to complete. Responses yield a score that can be interpreted along a morning-to-evening preference continuum and may be used to inform clinical case formulation, sleep-focused assessment, or research on chronotype. The Horne–Ostberg Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) should be interpreted in the context of current sleep patterns, work/school demands, and relevant clinical history.