Modified Personality Inventory (PID-5-BF+M) Test

Understand key maladaptive personality traits and DSM 5 related risk patterns in about 7 minutes. Get a fast, clinically useful snapshot for diagnosis, treatment planning, and tracking change.
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Questions: 367 minutes
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08:30
October 2, 2025
October 2, 2025
Material has been updated
12,954 views
978 completions
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Verified by Daniel Hall
Psychologist with 25 years of experience
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How the Scales are Structured

example score
3/6
Deceitfulness (D)
Measures the tendency to lie, distort information, or conceal the truth in interpersonal interactions.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 3 indicates a moderate tendency to withhold or distort information at times, which may affect trust and openness in relationships.
example score
2/6
Manipulativeness (M)
Measures the tendency to use others strategically to achieve personal goals.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 2 falls in the Low range, suggesting manipulative behaviors are generally infrequent and not a prominent interpersonal style.
example score
2/6
Antagonism (A)
Antagonism measures the tendency toward conflict, hostility, and disregard for others’ needs or perspectives.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 2 falls in the Low range, suggesting generally cooperative and considerate interactions with only occasional friction.
example score
3/6
Distractibility (D)
Measures difficulty sustaining attention and a tendency to be easily pulled off task by unrelated stimuli.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 3 falls in the Moderate range, suggesting noticeable but not pervasive distractibility that may intermittently interfere with sustained focus.
example score
2/6
Impulsivity (I)
Impulsivity measures the tendency to act quickly without sufficient forethought or consideration of consequences.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 2 falls in the Low range, suggesting generally thoughtful decision-making with occasional spur-of-the-moment actions.
example score
5/6
Irresponsibility (I)
Measures the tendency to neglect responsibilities, struggle with planning, and fail to complete tasks.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 5 falls in the High range, suggesting frequent difficulties with follow-through, organization, and meeting obligations.
example score
3/6
Intimacy Avoidance (IA)
Measures the tendency to keep emotional distance and avoid forming close, emotionally significant attachments.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 3 suggests a moderate tendency to hold back from emotional closeness and to keep some distance in intimate relationships.
example score
4/6
Anhedonia (A)
Measures the extent to which a person has difficulty experiencing pleasure from everyday activities and social interactions.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 4 falls in the Moderate range, suggesting a noticeable reduction in pleasure and enjoyment that may affect motivation or engagement at times.
example score
3/6
Withdrawal (W)
Measures the tendency to withdraw from social interaction and limit emotional closeness with others.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 3 indicates a moderate level of detachment, suggesting some tendency to keep distance or limit emotional connection in relationships.
example score
1/6
Detachment (D)
Alienation measures the tendency to feel socially isolated, lonely, and emotionally distant from others.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 1 falls in the Low range, suggesting relatively infrequent feelings of loneliness or social distance from others.
example score
4/6
Separation Anxiety (SA)
This scale measures anxiety and distress related to being abandoned or separated from important others and their support.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 4 falls in the Moderate range, suggesting noticeable worry about separation or losing support that may influence relationships in some situations.
example score
5/6
Anxiety (A)
Anxiety reflects how often and how strongly a person tends to experience worry, tension, and apprehension.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 5 falls in the High range, suggesting frequent and strong experiences of worry, tension, and apprehension.
example score
2/6
Emotional Lability (EL)
This scale measures how prone a person is to frequent, sudden mood shifts and general emotional instability.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 2 falls in the Low range, suggesting generally stable emotions with only occasional mood swings.
example score
5/6
Negative Affect (NA)
Negative affect measures the tendency to experience frequent and intense negative emotions such as anxiety, irritability, and emotional instability.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 5 falls in the High range, suggesting a strong tendency toward frequent negative emotions that may affect mood stability and stress reactivity.
example score
3/6
Disinhibition (D)
Measures the tendency toward impulsive, poorly restrained behavior due to reduced self-control.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 3 suggests a moderate level of disinhibition, indicating occasional impulsive or rash actions that may show up in certain situations.
example score
3/6
Grandiosity (G)
Measures the tendency toward inflated self-importance, exceptionalism, and feelings of superiority over others.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 3 suggests a moderate level of grandiosity, indicating occasional feelings of being especially important or above others that may show up in some situations.
example score
2/6
Perfectionism (P)
Measures the tendency to pursue flawlessness through very high standards and worry about making mistakes.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 2 suggests generally low perfectionism, with high standards and fear of mistakes showing up only occasionally.
example score
3/6
Anankastia (A)
Anankastia measures the tendency toward excessive organization, perfectionism, and rigid self-control in behavior and thinking.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 3 falls in the Moderate range, suggesting a noticeable preference for order and control that may sometimes make flexibility or spontaneity harder.
example score
2/6
Dysregulation (D)
Dysregulation measures how much difficulty a person has controlling emotions, thoughts, and behavior in ways that can create instability.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 2 falls in the Low range, suggesting generally stable self-control with only occasional difficulties managing emotions, thoughts, or impulses.
example score
2/6
Eccentricity (E)
Measures the degree of unusual, odd, or unconventional behavior and appearance.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 2 suggests low levels of eccentricity, with mostly typical behavior and appearance and only occasional unconventional traits.
example score
4/6
Unusual Beliefs (UB)
Measures the degree to which a person endorses irrational or idiosyncratic beliefs that diverge from commonly accepted views.
Typical beliefs
Some unusual beliefs
Markedly unusual beliefs
0 – 2: Typical beliefs | 3 – 4: Some unusual beliefs | 5 – 6: Markedly unusual beliefs
A score of 4 suggests a moderate presence of unusual beliefs that may occasionally shape interpretations or decisions in ways that differ from most people.
example score
2/6
Psychoticism (P)
Psychoticism measures the tendency toward unusual beliefs, eccentric thinking, and perceptual experiences that can feel disconnected from shared reality.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 2 falls in the Low range, suggesting generally typical reality-based perceptions with only occasional or mild unconventional ideas or experiences.
example score
1/6
Orderliness (O)
Measures the tendency to seek organization, cleanliness, and structured routines in one’s environment.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 1 falls in the Low range, suggesting a relatively flexible approach to orderliness with limited emphasis on strict organization or tidiness.
example score
3/6
Rigidity (R)
Rigidity reflects how inflexible a person’s thinking and behavior are and how difficult it is for them to adapt to change.
Low
Moderate
High
0 – 2: Low | 3 – 4: Moderate | 5 – 6: High
A score of 3 falls in the Moderate range, suggesting some tendency toward fixed routines or viewpoints with occasional difficulty adjusting when circumstances change.
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DATA-BASED USER COHORTS

Who Usually Takes This Test?

Therapy and assessment clients
41%OF USERS
People already in counseling or being evaluated who want a quick snapshot of personality trait patterns affecting emotions, behavior, and relationships.
Mental health professionals
35%OF USERS
Clinicians who use a brief screener to support diagnosis, guide treatment planning, or track change over time.
Self-insight seekers
24%OF USERS
Individuals curious about possible personality-related difficulties who want a structured starting point for reflection and discussion.
BASED ON AGGREGATED, ANONYMIZED DATA FROM TENS OF THOUSANDS OF FREUDLY USERS.
RESULTS YOU CAN ACTUALLY USE

Scale Results
— Explained Clearly
Your scores across each test scale are translated into plain, usable insights. You won’t just get numbers — you’ll learn how your results impact your daily life, emotional state, and overall well-being.
AI-Powered
Interpretation
You’ll receive a structured, clinically-grounded explanation. Our AI analyzes patterns and relationships between scales to provide a coherent interpretation, without exaggerated language.
Statistical
Comparison
See how your results compare to others. Anonymized platform data is used to create a percentile scale, which identifies whether your results are typical.
Practical
Recommendations
You’ll receive clear, actionable guidance tailored to your profile. These easy-to-implement suggestions focus on coping, self-regulation, and realistic next steps.
AI-Powered
Insights
Get insights on behavioral and thought patterns you might not notice on your own. By uncovering subtle connections between your responses, you’ll better understand what may be driving your current results.
Discuss with
an AI Therapist
Clarify, reflect, and explore your results right away. Talk through your experience, ask questions, and explore meanings in a calm, non-diagnostic dialogue.
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Used in 52+ countries
Benchmarking

See How You Compare

Once you complete the test, your results are compared with real-world data from people in your country.
Below is a preview of how scores are typically distributed across each scale.
Deceptiveness (D)
Average
2.3
Normal range
1.4 — 3.2
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Manipulativeness (M)
Average
3.5
Normal range
2.4 — 4.6
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Antagonism (A)
Average
1.8
Normal range
0.7 — 3
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Distractibility (D)
Average
2.6
Normal range
1.8 — 3.4
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Impulsivity (I)
Average
2.8
Normal range
1.7 — 3.9
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Irresponsibility (I)
Average
2.6
Normal range
1.7 — 3.5
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Avoidance of Intimacy (AoI)
Average
2.6
Normal range
1.8 — 3.5
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Anhedonia (A)
Average
3.5
Normal range
2.4 — 4.5
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Detachment (D)
Average
2.8
Normal range
1.8 — 3.8
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Alienation (A)
Average
4.3
Normal range
3.5 — 5
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Fear of Separation (FoS)
Average
4.5
Normal range
3.6 — 5.3
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Anxiety (A)
Average
3.9
Normal range
3.2 — 4.7
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Emotional lability (El)
Average
2.1
Normal range
1.2 — 3.1
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Negative effect (Ne)
Average
4.2
Normal range
3.2 — 5.2
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Disinhibition/Uninhibited Behavior (DB)
Average
3.5
Normal range
2.5 — 4.5
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Grandiosity (G)
Average
2.1
Normal range
1.3 — 2.9
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Perfectionism (P)
Average
2.8
Normal range
1.8 — 3.7
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Anankastia (A)
Average
4.3
Normal range
3.2 — 5.4
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Dysregulation (D)
Average
2.5
Normal range
1.4 — 3.5
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Eccentricity (E)
Average
2.8
Normal range
1.7 — 3.9
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Unusual Beliefs (UB)
Average
3
Normal range
1.9 — 4.1
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Psychoticism (P)
Average
2.3
Normal range
1.3 — 3.3
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Love of order (Loo)
Average
2.4
Normal range
1.5 — 3.3
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Rigidity (R)
Average
4
Normal range
3 — 5
min.
0
max.
6
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
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CLEAR ANSWERS TO COMMON QUESTIONS

Frequently Asked Questions

What does this questionnaire measure?
It screens for maladaptive personality traits linked to personality disorder diagnosis. Results summarize trait levels across six domains, including anankastia.
How long does it take and how many items are included?
Most people complete it in about 7 minutes. It contains 36 items.
How should items be answered?
Select the option that best matches typical behavior and inner experience over time. Answer all items using the same time frame and avoid overthinking single examples.
How are results used?
Scores support clinical discussion, treatment planning, and monitoring change over time. They do not, by themselves, establish a diagnosis.
What are the six trait domains covered?
The domains are Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Antagonism, Disinhibition, Psychoticism, and Anankastia. Each domain reflects a pattern of emotions, thinking, and behavior that may cause impairment.
WHAT THE TEST MEASURES
About This Assessment
Modified Personality Inventory, PID-5-BF+M Test

Modified Personality Inventory (PID-5-BF+M) Test - Symptoms and Signs

psychopathologypersonality disorder

In settings where a brief screening of maladaptive personality trait dimensions is needed, the Modified Personality Inventory (PID-5-BF+M) provides a structured self-report format. It includes 36 items and typically takes about 7 minutes to complete.

Developed by A. E. Krueger, R. F. Krueger, and L. J. Simms, it is intended to assess core pathological trait domains aligned with contemporary diagnostic models and may support case formulation, treatment planning, and monitoring of change over time. The Modified Personality Inventory (PID-5-BF+M) is not a stand-alone diagnostic instrument; results should be interpreted in conjunction with clinical interview, history, and other assessment data.

Author: A. E. Krueger, L. J. Simms, R. F. Krueger
Literature: Krueger, R. F., Derringer, J., Markon, K. E., Watson, D., & Skodol, A. E. Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5. Psychological Medicine. 2012.; Bach, B., & Sellbom, M. Continuity between DSM-5 categorical criteria and traits in the personality inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). Journal of Personality Assessment. 2016.; Bach, B., Kerber, A., Aluja, A., Bastiaens, T., Keeley, J., Claes, L., Fossati, A., Gutierrez, F., Oliveira, S. E. S., Pires, R., Riegel, K. D., Rolland, J., Roskam, I., Sellbom, M., Somma, A., Spanemberg, L., Strus, W., Thimm, J., Wright, A. G. C., & Zimmermann, J. International assessment of DSM-5 and ICD-11 personality disorder traits: Toward a common nosology in DSM-5.1. Psychopathology. 2019.; Zimmermann, J., Kerber, A., Rek, K., Hopwood, C. J., & Krueger, R. F. A brief but comprehensive measure of maladaptive personality traits: The PID-5 brief form. Psychological Assessment. 2019.
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