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This self-report measure assesses individual differences in temporal focus in goal pursuit, including preferences for sustained effort toward distal goals versus emphasis on immediate, near-term outcomes. The Long-Term and Short-Term Motivation Scale can be used to support clinical formulation and treatment planning when motivational style is relevant to behavior change.
The instrument contains 23 items and typically requires about 5 minutes to complete. Respondents rate statements describing their motivational tendencies and reactions to goals across time frames. Scores are commonly interpreted as indicators of relative long-term and short-term motivational orientation; results should be considered in the context of presenting concerns, functional impairment, and corroborating clinical information.
The Long-Term and Short-Term Motivation Scale is attributed to Edward L. Deci and Richard M. Ryan and may be administered in clinical, counseling, organizational, or research settings to characterize motivational patterns that could inform individualized goal-setting and intervention strategies.