Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) Test
Understand negative symptoms like apathy, flat affect, and low speech in about 5 minutes. A 25-item, structured format supports consistent ratings and clear tracking over time.
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DATA-BASED USER COHORTS
Who Usually Takes This Test?
BASED ON AGGREGATED, ANONYMIZED DATA FROM TENS OF THOUSANDS OF FREUDLY USERS.
RESULTS YOU CAN ACTUALLY USE
Benchmarking
See How You Compare
Once you complete the test, your results are compared with real-world data from people in your country.
Below is a preview of how scores are typically distributed across each scale.
Below is a preview of how scores are typically distributed across each scale.
Anhedonia (composite score) (A(s)
Average
2.3
Normal range
1.4 — 3.1
min.
0
max.
5
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Abulia (overall score) (A(s)
Average
3.2
Normal range
2.3 — 4.1
min.
0
max.
5
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Alogia (General Score) (A(S)
Average
2.9
Normal range
2.1 — 3.6
min.
0
max.
5
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Anhedonia (A)
Average
8.5
Normal range
5 — 12.1
min.
0
max.
20
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Affective flattening (composite score) (Af(s)
Average
2
Normal range
1.4 — 2.7
min.
0
max.
5
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Attention Disorders (Composite Score) (AD(S)
Average
2.2
Normal range
1.4 — 3.1
min.
0
max.
5
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Total of aggregated scores (Toas)
Average
12.1
Normal range
7.9 — 16.2
min.
0
max.
25
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Sum of intermediate scores (Sois)
Average
66.5
Normal range
52 — 80.9
min.
0
max.
100
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Attention Disorders (AD)
Average
5.6
Normal range
4.1 — 7.1
min.
0
max.
10
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Abulia (A)
Average
8.9
Normal range
6.4 — 11.4
min.
0
max.
15
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Alogia (A)
Average
10.3
Normal range
7 — 13.6
min.
0
max.
20
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Affective Flattening (AF)
Average
12.7
Normal range
8.2 — 17.3
min.
0
max.
35
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Overall score (Os)
Average
55.1
Normal range
37.4 — 72.8
min.
0
max.
125
Majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear on the scale so you can see how you compare.
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CLEAR ANSWERS TO COMMON QUESTIONS
Frequently Asked Questions
What does this scale measure?
It measures negative symptoms such as reduced emotional expression, limited speech, lack of motivation, reduced pleasure, and reduced social engagement.
Who is the scale intended for?
It is intended for clinical assessment of people with schizophrenia or other severe psychotic disorders when negative symptoms are suspected or need monitoring.
How is the rating completed?
A trained clinician rates items using direct observation and a brief, structured interview focused on observable behavior and reported functioning.
How long does administration take and how many items are included?
Administration typically takes about 5 minutes. The scale includes 25 items.
How are results used in clinical practice?
Scores summarize severity across symptom areas and support baseline characterization and follow-up comparisons over time. Results are interpreted alongside other clinical findings.
WHAT THE TEST MEASURES
About This Assessment
Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) Test - Symptoms and Signs
In clinical evaluation of psychotic-spectrum conditions, negative symptoms may be less apparent than positive symptoms but can substantially affect functioning. The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) is a clinician-rated measure designed to systematically assess the presence and severity of core negative symptom domains based on interview and behavioral observation. It was developed by Nancy C. Andreasen.
The instrument includes 25 items and typically takes about 5 minutes to complete. Ratings support quantification of symptom severity and can be used to document baseline presentation and to track change over time; the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) is commonly incorporated into broader diagnostic and treatment-monitoring assessments.
Author: Nancy C. Andreasen
Literature: Andreasen, N. C. The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS): conceptual and theoretical foundations. The British Journal of Psychiatry. Supplement. 1989.; Kirkpatrick, B., Fenton, W. S., Carpenter, W. T., & Marder, S. R. The NIMH-MATRICS consensus statement on negative symptoms. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2006.
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