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Reflective Assessment of Potential Individual Victimization Test

Understand how vulnerable someone may be to victimization across situations in about 7 minutes. Get clear insights to guide prevention, conflict reduction, and more targeted support.
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Questions: 367 minutes
Hi! My name is Freudly, i am an AI therapist, I will give you an interpretation of the test after you complete it.
08:30
October 2, 2025
October 2, 2025
Material has been updated
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How the Scales are Structured
example score
174/240
Potential Individual Victimization (PIV)
Measures a person’s tendency toward potential victimization, reflecting how likely they are to become a victim across various situations.
Low
Moderate
High
72 – 132: Low | 133 – 165: Moderate | 166 – 240: High
A score of 174 falls in the High range, suggesting a relatively elevated predisposition to becoming involved in risky, unpleasant, or victim-like situations.
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DATA-BASED USER COHORTS
Who Usually Takes This Test?
People feeling unsafe
41%OF USERS
They take it to understand why they often end up in risky or uncomfortable situations and what habits increase their vulnerability.
Counselors and psychologists
34%OF USERS
They use it to assess a client’s victimization tendencies and plan targeted support or prevention strategies.
Career and HR clients
25%OF USERS
They take it for career counseling and workplace conflict prevention, especially when stress or interpersonal tensions are frequent.
BASED ON AGGREGATED, ANONYMIZED DATA FROM TENS OF THOUSANDS OF FREUDLY USERS.
RESULTS YOU CAN ACTUALLY USE
What You’ll See After You Finish the Test
Scale Results
— Explained Clearly
Your scores across each test scale, translated into plain, usable insights. Not just numbers, but what they actually mean for your daily life, emotional state, and overall well-being.
AI-Powered
Interpretation
A structured, clinically grounded explanation. Our AI analyzes patterns and relationships between scales to provide a coherent interpretation — without alarmist language.
Statistical
Comparison
See how you compare to others. Your scores are placed in a statistical context, showing percentiles and trends based on anonymized platform data to help you understand what`s typical.
Practical
Recommendations
Actionable guidance tailored to your profile. Receive clear, realistic suggestions you can apply immediately — focused on coping, self-regulation, and realistic next steps.
AI-Detected
Insights
Key patterns you might not notice on your own. Surfacing subtle connections in your responses that help you better understand what may be driving your current results.
Discuss with
an AI Psychologist
Clarify, reflect, and explore right away. Talk through your outcomes, ask questions, and explore meanings in a calm, non-diagnostic dialogue environment.
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Used in 52+ countries
Benchmarking
See How You Compare
Once you finish the test, your results will be compared with real-world data from people in your country.
Below is a preview of the benchmarks we use to place your score in context.
Assessment of Potential Individual Victimization (AoPIV)
Average
157.4
Normal range
129.2 — 185.6
min.
72
max.
240
majority
This curve shows how scores are typically distributed.
Once you complete the test, your result will appear here so you can see where you land.
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Trusted by 22k+ Users Worldwide
CLEAR ANSWERS TO COMMON QUESTIONS
Frequently Asked Questions

Any questions left?

What does this questionnaire measure?
It estimates vulnerability to becoming a victim across common social and situational contexts. It focuses on patterns of risk perception and typical responses to potential threat.
How long does it take and how many items are included?
Completion time is typically about 7 minutes. The questionnaire includes 36 items.
How should items be answered?
Select the response that best matches typical behavior and reactions. Answer all items and avoid overthinking single statements.
How are results interpreted?
Scores indicate relative levels of victimization proneness and related reaction patterns. Results are best interpreted by a qualified specialist and considered alongside other assessment information.
Can this questionnaire be used with other measures?
It is often administered with a reflexivity measure to examine how reflective thinking relates to victimization proneness. Combined results can be used to classify profiles across multiple reflexivity–victimization patterns.
WHAT THE TEST MEASURES
About This Assessment
Reflective Evaluation of Potential Individual Victimization Test

Reflective Assessment of Potential Individual Victimization Test

victimhood

This self-report measure is intended to support a structured appraisal of perceived susceptibility to victimization across situations. Reflective Assessment of Potential Individual Victimization provides item-based information about how an individual appraises risk, vulnerability, and related responses. Authors: Delroy L. Paulhus and Mark R. Leary.

The questionnaire consists of 36 items and typically takes about 7 minutes to complete. Results are generally interpreted as indicators of perceived victimization potential and may be considered alongside other clinical data (e.g., interview findings, contextual stressors, and relevant personality measures) to inform case formulation. Reflective Assessment of Potential Individual Victimization is not a diagnostic instrument and should be used within the limits of self-report and the assessment context.

Author: Delroy L. Paulhus, Mark R. Leary
Literature: Finkelhor, D., & Asdigian, N. L. Risk factors for youth victimization: A review of the literature. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 1996.
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