Plant Cell Quiz

1. What is the name of the membrane that encloses a plant cell's central vacuole?

2. A dye can pass through a plant cell wall, but only certain dye molecules enter the living cytoplasm. Which structure is chiefly responsible for this selective entry?

3. Microscopy reveals many starch-filled plastids in a potato tuber cell. Which type of plastid is being observed?

4. As a pepper ripens, some plastids lose chlorophyll and accumulate red, orange, or yellow pigments. What are these pigment-rich plastids called?

5. A healthy plant cell and an animal cell are placed in hypotonic solutions. Why is the plant cell generally better able to resist bursting as water enters?

6. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages many proteins and polysaccharides before they are transported elsewhere in or out of a plant cell?

7. Root cells underground receive no light but still need ATP for active transport. Which organelles produce most of that ATP through cellular respiration?

8. During cytokinesis in a dividing plant cell, Golgi-derived vesicles gather and fuse near the cell's center. What structure do they initially form?

9. Which structure surrounds the plasma membrane of a typical plant cell and provides rigid support through a framework composed mainly of cellulose?

10. A variegated leaf has green and white regions. Cells in the white regions are least able to perform photosynthesis because they lack functional versions of which organelle?

11. In a typical plant cell, which structure contains most of the cell's genetic information?

12. A plant wilts after losing water. Which cellular change most directly accounts for the loss of firmness?

13. The middle lamella helps bind adjacent plant cells together. Which substances are especially abundant in this layer?

14. Which plant cell structures form microscopic channels through cell walls, allowing cytoplasm and signaling molecules to pass between neighboring cells?

15. A specialized plant cell produces proteins for export. Which structure would be especially important for beginning the processing and transport of those newly made proteins?

16. Which cellular structures directly assemble amino acids into proteins by translating messenger RNA?