Logic Quiz
Questions: 16 · 10 minutes
1. A technician argues: “If the server is offline, the website is unavailable. The website is unavailable, so the server must be offline.” Which reasoning error is present?
Affirming the consequent
Presenting a false dilemma
Using circular reasoning
Denying the antecedent
2. If the archive is open, its entrance lights are on. The entrance lights are not on. What must follow?
Nothing can be concluded about whether the archive is open.
The archive is open but empty.
The lights failed while the archive stayed open.
The archive is not open.
3. In logical reasoning, what does a counterexample do?
It proves a universal claim by illustrating a typical case.
It disproves a universal claim by showing one case where the claim fails.
It establishes that two statements mean the same thing.
It makes an invalid argument valid by adding another conclusion.
4. A prize is hidden in exactly one of three boxes. Box A says, “The prize is in Box A.” Box B says, “The prize is not in Box B.” Box C says, “The prize is not in Box A.” If exactly one statement is true, where is the prize?
Box C
Box B
Its location cannot be determined.
Box A
5. All poets in a club are writers, and no writers in the club are robots. Which conclusion must be true?
No poets in the club are robots.
Some robots in the club are poets.
Every writer in the club is a poet.
No club members are robots.
6. Four tasks—J, K, L, and M—must be completed once each. J must come before K, L must come after K, and M must come before J. Which order satisfies every rule?
J, M, K, L
M, K, J, L
M, J, K, L
M, J, L, K
7. Every ceramic mug is breakable. Some kitchen items are ceramic mugs. Which conclusion must be true?
Every breakable kitchen item is a ceramic mug.
Every kitchen item is breakable.
Some breakable objects are not kitchen items.
Some kitchen items are breakable.
8. On a straight north-south path, marker N is north of marker O, and marker O is north of marker P. What must be true?
Marker N is north of marker P.
Marker P is north of marker N.
Markers N and P are at the same location.
The relative positions of N and P cannot be determined.
9. What is the logical negation of “Maya submitted the report and attended the meeting”?
Maya did not submit the report and did not attend the meeting.
If Maya submitted the report, she did not attend the meeting.
Maya submitted the report or attended the meeting, but not both.
Maya did not submit the report or did not attend the meeting, or both.
10. In classical logic, when is the conditional statement “If P, then Q” false?
When P and Q are both false
When P is true and Q is false
When P and Q are both true
When P is false and Q is true
11. What is the logical negation of “Every applicant passed the assessment”?
At least one applicant passed the assessment.
No applicants passed the assessment.
At least one applicant did not pass the assessment.
Every applicant failed the assessment.
12. If the train is delayed, Lena will arrive late. Lena arrives late. What can be concluded about the train?
The train was definitely delayed.
Whether the train was delayed cannot be determined from these facts.
The train was definitely on time.
The train was delayed if and only if Lena was late.
13. Consider the statement: “If a whole number is divisible by 4, then it is even.” Being even is what kind of condition for being divisible by 4?
A sufficient but unnecessary condition
Both a necessary and sufficient condition
A necessary but insufficient condition
Neither a necessary nor sufficient condition
14. Which number comes next in the sequence: 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, ___?
44
36
40
42
15. Which description best defines a sound deductive argument?
A valid argument in which all the premises are true
An argument with true premises, even if its conclusion does not follow
An argument with a popular conclusion, regardless of its premises
Any argument whose conclusion happens to be true
16. A meal includes either soup or salad, but not both. Priya orders the soup. What must be true?
Priya may also have ordered the salad.
Priya ordered neither option.
Priya did not order the salad.
Priya ordered the salad instead of the soup.