Female Reproductive System Histology Quiz
Questions: 16 · 10 minutes
1. A specimen has numerous branching mucosal folds lined by ciliated and nonciliated simple columnar cells, with smooth muscle beneath but no distinct submucosa. From which organ was it most likely taken?
Ovary
Uterine cervix
Vagina
Uterine tube
2. Which change most strongly distinguishes an actively lactating mammary gland from an inactive adult mammary gland?
Replacement of all ducts by dense irregular connective tissue
Loss of epithelial tissue and expansion of adipose tissue
Numerous expanded secretory alveoli containing luminal product, with relatively less stroma
Conversion of duct epithelium into keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
3. A highly vascular ovarian structure has a folded wall composed mainly of large, pale-staining steroid-secreting cells. Which structure is most likely present?
Ovarian medulla
Corpus albicans
Corpus luteum
Germinal epithelium
4. A cervical biopsy is lined by mucus-secreting simple columnar epithelium and contains branched cervical glands. Which region is represented?
Endocervix
Ectocervix
Vaginal fornix
Endometrial basalis
5. Which combination correctly describes normal vaginal mucosa?
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with sebaceous glands
Simple columnar epithelium with abundant mucus glands
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with cilia
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium without mucosal glands
6. Endometrial glands appear tortuous and saw-toothed, with secretory material in their lumens and edematous surrounding stroma. Which phase is represented?
Secretory phase
Menstrual phase
Follicular recruitment phase
Early proliferative phase
7. An ovarian section shows a primary oocyte surrounded by a single layer of flattened follicular cells. Which structure is this?
Primary follicle
Primordial follicle
Secondary antral follicle
Corpus albicans
8. During menstruation, which portion of the endometrium is normally shed?
Perimetrium
Stratum basalis
Myometrium
Stratum functionalis
9. Which description best identifies a placental chorionic villus?
A maternal endometrial gland surrounded only by decidual cells
A trophoblast-covered connective-tissue core that can contain fetal capillaries
A bundle of maternal spiral arteries enclosed by myometrium
A fetal epithelial tube lined by stratified squamous cells
10. Which finding most strongly supports follicular atresia rather than normal follicular maturation?
Formation of a zona pellucida around the oocyte
A degenerating oocyte with pyknotic granulosa cells and a collapsed follicular wall
Differentiation of theca interna and externa
Development of a fluid-filled antrum
11. An endometrial biopsy shows relatively straight tubular glands, frequent mitotic figures, and rebuilding of the functional layer. Which menstrual-cycle phase best fits these findings?
Proliferative phase
Secretory phase
Menstrual phase
Ischemic premenstrual phase
12. An ovarian region contains large blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves in loose connective tissue, with few or no follicles. Which region is it?
Tunica albuginea
Outer ovarian cortex
Ovarian medulla
Follicular antrum
13. Histology shows that the vaginal mucosa lacks intrinsic glands. What best accounts for most of its moisture under ordinary conditions?
Fluid produced by uterine-tube ciliated cells and delivered directly to the vagina
Secretions from glands embedded throughout the vaginal epithelium
Sebum released by vaginal mucosal sebaceous glands
Fluid transudation through the vaginal wall together with cervical secretions
14. Compared with the ampulla, a uterine-tube section has fewer mucosal folds and a relatively thicker muscular wall. Which region is most likely represented?
Isthmus
Infundibulum
Fimbria
Ampulla
15. A follicle contains a large fluid-filled cavity, several granulosa-cell layers, and an oocyte attached to the follicular wall by a mound of cells. How should it be classified?
Primary follicle
Antral follicle
Corpus luteum
Atretic primordial follicle
16. A pathologist samples the cervical transformation zone. Which epithelial relationship defines this region?
The junction of endometrium and myometrium
The transition from ovarian surface epithelium to peritoneal mesothelium
The junction of endocervical columnar and ectocervical stratified squamous epithelium
The transition from vaginal epithelium to vestibular skin