Diseases Quiz
Questions: 16 · 10 minutes
1. How is Lyme disease most commonly transmitted to humans?
Through the bite of an infected mosquito
Through droplets released by coughing
Through contaminated drinking water
Through the bite of an infected tick
2. Why can anemia cause fatigue and shortness of breath?
Reduced hemoglobin or red blood cells can limit oxygen delivery to tissues
It always causes the lungs to fill with fluid
It makes all muscles permanently unable to use glucose
It causes the immune system to attack every nerve cell
3. Which organ is primarily affected by hepatitis?
The liver
The pancreas
The lungs
The bladder
4. How does osteoporosis differ from osteoarthritis?
Osteoporosis weakens bones, while osteoarthritis involves degeneration within joints
Osteoporosis primarily inflames the airways, while osteoarthritis affects the skin
Osteoporosis is always infectious, while osteoarthritis is always inherited
Osteoporosis affects only muscles, while osteoarthritis affects only nerves
5. What type of pathogen causes malaria?
A parasite
A bacterium
A virus
A fungus
6. Which of these is an infectious disease?
Osteoporosis
Influenza
Type 2 diabetes
Osteoarthritis
7. A person with an uncomplicated common cold asks for antibiotics. Which response is scientifically accurate?
Antibiotics shorten every respiratory infection
Antibiotics directly prevent cold viruses from entering cells
Antibiotics do not treat the viruses that cause common colds
Antibiotics are effective only after cold symptoms have lasted three days
8. During an asthma flare, a person experiences wheezing and difficulty breathing. Which process most directly contributes to these symptoms?
The stomach produces too little acid
The kidneys release too much insulin
The airways become inflamed and narrowed
The bones temporarily lose calcium
9. A person with celiac disease is advised to avoid gluten. What is the main reason?
Gluten causes the stomach to stop producing acid
Gluten directly infects cells lining the large intestine
Gluten prevents the pancreas from producing any digestive enzymes
Gluten triggers an immune reaction that can damage the small intestine
10. Which immune cells are major targets of HIV?
Red blood cells
CD4 T cells
Bone-forming cells
Platelets
11. Which statement best describes cancer as a group of diseases?
It is always caused by a single contagious bacterium
It affects only one organ and cannot spread
It involves abnormal cells growing uncontrollably, sometimes invading or spreading to other tissues
It is another name for any temporary swelling in the body
12. In a community with high vaccination coverage, some people who cannot receive a particular vaccine may gain indirect protection. What best explains this?
Vaccines remove every pathogen from the environment
Unvaccinated people automatically produce the same antibodies as vaccinated people
Vaccination makes respiratory hygiene unnecessary
Reduced transmission makes exposure less likely across the community
13. How does pulmonary tuberculosis most commonly spread from a person with active infectious disease?
Through inherited changes passed directly from parent to child
Through mosquito bites
Through casual contact with intact skin
Through airborne particles released when the person coughs, speaks, or sings
14. What happens in type 1 diabetes?
The thyroid gland produces too much hormone
The immune system destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas
The kidneys permanently stop filtering insulin
The lungs become unable to absorb dietary glucose
15. A person suddenly develops one-sided facial drooping and difficulty speaking. Which interpretation best reflects disease knowledge?
These are typical gradual effects of osteoarthritis
These are expected features of a seasonal pollen allergy
These may indicate a stroke and require immediate emergency help
These are characteristic signs of a stomach ulcer
16. Why are routine blood-pressure checks useful even when someone feels well?
Hypertension always causes a fever before complications develop
Hypertension can persist without obvious symptoms while harming the body
A normal reading proves that heart disease can never develop
Blood pressure directly measures the amount of cholesterol in the blood