Cell Organelle Quiz

1. A pancreatic cell releases large amounts of digestive enzymes, which are proteins. Which organelle would likely be especially abundant in this cell?

2. Which cellular structure directly assembles amino acids into proteins?

3. A leaf cell can no longer capture light energy to build sugars from carbon dioxide and water. Which organelle is most directly impaired?

4. A liver cell needs to break down certain fatty acids and convert harmful hydrogen peroxide into less reactive substances. Which organelle performs these tasks?

5. Which organelle contains most of the genetic material in a eukaryotic cell and helps regulate gene expression?

6. A cell cannot properly digest worn-out components, so damaged material accumulates inside it. Dysfunction of which organelle most directly explains this problem?

7. Which sequence best represents the usual route of a protein that will be secreted from a eukaryotic cell?

8. Which feature best distinguishes smooth endoplasmic reticulum from rough endoplasmic reticulum?

9. A sperm cell has normal energy production but cannot propel itself forward because its long external appendage does not move. Which structure is affected?

10. A secretory vesicle carrying hormones reaches the cell surface. What normally happens next to release the hormones outside the cell?

11. During animal-cell division, microtubules must be organized to form the spindle that separates chromosomes. Which structure is most directly involved?

12. A scientist compares a bacterial cell with a typical animal cell. Which structure would be absent from the bacterium?

13. Which organelle produces most of a eukaryotic cell's ATP through aerobic cellular respiration?

14. A plant cell loses water, and its internal pressure against the cell wall decreases. Which organelle's loss of stored water contributes most directly to this change?

15. After proteins enter the endomembrane system, which organelle commonly modifies, sorts, and packages them for delivery?

16. A plant cell's large storage compartment stops maintaining water pressure and isolating certain wastes. Which structure is malfunctioning?