Botany Quiz
Questions: 16 · 10 minutes
1. A potato tuber is classified as a modified stem rather than a root. Which observation best supports that classification?
It stores large quantities of starch
Its eyes contain buds arranged at stem nodes
It grows beneath the soil surface
It can absorb some water through its surface
2. A young plant has damaged root hairs but otherwise intact roots. Which function is most directly reduced?
Production of pollen within flowers
Absorption of water and mineral ions from the soil
Transport of sugars from leaves to roots
Protection of the shoot's growing tip
3. A celery stalk is placed in colored water. Later, colored lines appear in vascular strands up the stalk. Through which tissue did most of the dye travel?
Phloem
Xylem
Epidermis
Cortex
4. A vascular cambium cell divides in a woody stem. Which tissues does this meristem mainly add?
Epidermis inward and cork outward
Pith inward and guard cells outward
Root hairs inward and cortex outward
Secondary xylem inward and secondary phloem outward
5. A flowering plant has leaves with parallel veins and a fibrous root system. Which classification is best supported by these traits?
Monocot
Eudicot
Gymnosperm
Bryophyte
6. After fertilization in a flowering plant, what does an ovule normally develop into?
A sepal
A pollen grain
A seed
A fruit wall
7. A gardener pinches off the actively growing tip of a shoot. Which tissue was removed most directly?
Cork cambium
Endodermis
Lateral root cap
Apical meristem
8. As a root pushes through soil, which structure protects its apical meristem from abrasion?
Anther
Stipule
Root cap
Lenticel
9. A non-woody plant wilts after losing water. Which cellular change most directly explains its drooping tissues?
Cell walls dissolve and release chlorophyll
Vacuoles lose water, reducing turgor pressure
Nuclei expand and block the xylem
Guard cells turn into vascular tissue
10. In a typical leaf cross-section, which tissue is especially adapted for photosynthesis through tightly packed, chloroplast-rich cells?
Spongy mesophyll
Vascular cambium
Lower epidermis
Palisade mesophyll
11. After the terminal bud is removed from a young shoot, several side branches begin growing more strongly. What best explains this response?
Reduced apical dominance allows axillary buds to grow
Secondary xylem is converted into apical meristem
Stomata redirect water into dormant pollen grains
The root cap begins producing new leaf primordia
12. During a dry afternoon, many plants partially close their stomata. What trade-off does this create?
It increases water loss while increasing mineral absorption
It stops sugar transport but increases oxygen entry
It reduces water loss but also limits carbon dioxide entry
It prevents root growth while increasing light absorption
13. A narrow ring of bark containing phloem is removed from around a tree trunk, while most xylem remains intact. What is the most immediate transport effect?
Mineral uptake by root hairs stops instantly
Water can no longer enter any leaf vein
Gas exchange through every stoma permanently ends
Sugar transport past the removed ring is disrupted
14. In a typical young eudicot stem, how are the vascular bundles usually arranged in cross-section?
In a ring near the stem's outer region
Randomly throughout the central pith
As one bundle at the exact center
Only within the epidermis
15. Which cells directly control the opening and closing of a leaf stoma?
Guard cells
Root hair cells
Companion cells
Palisade cells
16. Which plant tissue primarily transports water and dissolved minerals upward from the roots?
Phloem
Epidermis
Xylem
Cork