Animal Cell Quiz
Questions: 16 · 10 minutes
1. Which organelle produces most of the ATP used by a typical animal cell?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleolus
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondrion
2. Which organelle contains enzymes that help break down fatty acids and convert hydrogen peroxide into less harmful substances?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Peroxisome
Centrosome
Nucleolus
3. During animal-cell division, which structure acts as a major organizing site for spindle microtubules?
Nucleolus
Centrosome
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
4. What is a major function of the cytoskeleton in an animal cell?
Supporting cell shape and providing tracks for internal movement
Copying DNA before cell division
Digesting worn-out cell components with acidic enzymes
Adding carbohydrate groups to proteins for secretion
5. A cell's lysosomes cannot properly break down large molecules. What is the most likely direct result?
Chromosomes can no longer attach to spindle fibers.
Undigested materials accumulate inside the cell.
ATP production immediately shifts to the Golgi apparatus.
Ribosomes stop reading messenger RNA.
6. A cell has an unusually inactive nucleolus. Which process would be most directly affected?
Breakdown of hydrogen peroxide
Synthesis of membrane lipids
Production and assembly of ribosomal subunits
Attachment of carbohydrates to proteins in the Golgi apparatus
7. A cell is producing a protein that will be released outside the cell. Which sequence best represents its route after translation begins?
Nucleus → peroxisome → rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum → lysosome → nucleus
Golgi apparatus → mitochondrion → plasma membrane
Rough endoplasmic reticulum → Golgi apparatus → secretory vesicle
8. Which statement best describes the main role of the plasma membrane in an animal cell?
It produces most of the cell's ATP.
It stores most of the cell's genetic information.
It assembles amino acids into proteins.
It selectively regulates movement between the cell and its surroundings.
9. Under a microscope, a researcher observes stacks of flattened membrane sacs with small vesicles budding from their edges. Which organelle is this?
Ribosome
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
Golgi apparatus
10. Which structures directly join amino acids together during protein synthesis?
Lysosomes
Ribosomes
Peroxisomes
Centrioles
11. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages many proteins received from the endoplasmic reticulum?
Golgi apparatus
Centrosome
Nucleus
Peroxisome
12. Which feature is characteristic of plant cells but is not normally found in animal cells?
Ribosomes that synthesize proteins
A plasma membrane made partly of phospholipids
A rigid cell wall outside the plasma membrane
Mitochondria that support ATP production
13. A mutation greatly reduces mitochondrial function. Which change is most directly expected?
The cell has less ATP available for energy-requiring processes.
DNA can no longer be stored in chromosomes.
The cell loses its phospholipid bilayer.
Proteins can no longer enter the Golgi apparatus.
14. An animal cell engulfs a particle into a membrane-bound vesicle. Which event most directly enables the particle's contents to be digested?
The vesicle enters the nucleus and releases the particle beside the DNA.
The vesicle attaches to a ribosome and begins protein synthesis.
The vesicle fuses with a lysosome containing digestive enzymes.
The vesicle merges with a mitochondrion to receive ATP.
15. Which animal-cell structure contains most of the cell's DNA?
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Nucleus
Centrosome
16. A small nonpolar molecule moves directly through the phospholipid bilayer from higher to lower concentration. Which process is occurring?
Simple diffusion
Endocytosis
Active transport
Exocytosis