Organ Systems Quiz
Questions: 16 · 10 minutes
1. A shallow cut damages the body’s outer protective barrier. Which organ system has been directly disrupted?
Endocrine system
Respiratory system
Urinary system
Integumentary system
2. A blood vessel is damaged by a minor cut. Which blood component first helps form a plug at the injury site?
Red blood cells
Plasma proteins that transport hormones
Platelets
Antibodies
3. During a run, which sequence best explains how oxygen reaches active leg muscles?
The digestive system absorbs oxygen, and the lymphatic system carries it to muscles
The endocrine system produces oxygen, and the skeletal system stores it
The respiratory system exchanges gases, and the cardiovascular system transports oxygenated blood
The urinary system filters oxygen, and the nervous system releases it into muscles
4. Which statement best describes how the muscular and skeletal systems cooperate to produce movement?
Bones shorten and push relaxed muscles across joints
Muscles pull on bones across joints when they contract
Ligaments contract to move bones while muscles stabilize blood
Bone marrow sends electrical impulses that shorten tendons
5. Lymph nodes near an infection may become enlarged because they are involved in which process?
Producing red blood cells for oxygen transport
Filtering lymph and supporting activation of immune cells
Releasing bile to digest dietary fat
Controlling voluntary movement through motor neurons
6. If bile cannot reach the small intestine, digestion of which nutrient is most directly affected?
Minerals
Proteins
Simple sugars
Fats
7. You touch a hot pan and withdraw your hand before consciously deciding to move. Which structure coordinates this rapid reflex?
Thyroid gland
Spinal cord
Large intestine
Left ventricle
8. When the diaphragm contracts during normal inhalation, what happens?
Pressure in the chest rises and forces air out
Chest volume increases, helping draw air into the lungs
The heart slows so the lungs can fill
The abdominal organs produce oxygen for the bloodstream
9. A person can generate muscle force but has difficulty coordinating balance and precise movement. Which brain region is most closely associated with this problem?
Hypothalamus
Medulla oblongata
Pituitary gland
Cerebellum
10. After a carbohydrate-rich meal, which response helps lower rising blood glucose?
The thyroid releases thyroxine to remove glucose in urine
The pituitary releases melatonin, converting glucose into oxygen
The adrenal glands release adrenaline to stop intestinal absorption
The pancreas releases insulin, promoting glucose uptake and storage
11. After substantial water loss from sweating, which response helps the body conserve water?
Insulin causes the kidneys to release more water into urine
Bile causes the large intestine to stop absorbing water
Antidiuretic hormone promotes greater water reabsorption by the kidneys
Thyroxine directs the lungs to return water to the bladder
12. How does the endocrine system mainly communicate with distant target organs?
By releasing hormones into the bloodstream
By pumping lymph through arteries
By sending air through branching tubes
By moving bones with tendons
13. A substance in the blood needs to be filtered before useful materials are reabsorbed and urine is formed. Which structure performs these processes?
Alveolus
Lymph node
Nephron
Cardiac chamber
14. What is one major function of the lymphatic system?
Returning excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream and supporting immune defense
Delivering motor commands directly from the brain to skeletal muscles
Producing digestive enzymes that break down food in the stomach
Filtering metabolic wastes from blood to make urine
15. What is the cardiovascular system’s primary role?
Transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and wastes through the body
Producing electrical signals that coordinate rapid responses
Breaking food into molecules that can be absorbed
Creating a physical barrier against the outside environment
16. Most nutrients from digested food enter the bloodstream through which organ?
Small intestine
Large intestine
Stomach
Esophagus