Cell Division Quiz
Questions: 16 · 10 minutes
1. A species has a diploid chromosome number of 8. Immediately after meiosis I, how many chromosomes are normally present in each daughter cell, and what is their chromatid state?
Eight chromosomes, each containing one chromatid
Four chromosomes, each containing two sister chromatids
Four chromosomes, each containing one chromatid
Eight chromosomes, each containing two sister chromatids
2. A cell is examined after S phase but before mitosis. Compared with the same cell before S phase, what has changed?
Both its chromosome number and DNA amount have doubled
Both its chromosome number and DNA amount have halved
Its chromosome number has halved, but its DNA amount is unchanged
Its DNA amount has doubled, but its chromosome number is unchanged
3. A microscope image shows condensed chromosomes arranged along the middle of a cell. Which mitotic stage is most consistent with this observation?
Anaphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Telophase
4. Maternal and paternal homologous chromosome pairs can face either pole independently during meiosis. Which event describes this source of genetic variation?
Cytokinesis after meiosis II
DNA replication during S phase
Sister-chromatid separation in mitosis
Independent assortment at metaphase I
5. Ignoring rare errors, what is the usual outcome when one diploid germ-line precursor completes meiosis?
Two genetically identical diploid cells
Four genetically identical diploid cells
Four genetically varied haploid cells
Two genetically varied haploid cells
6. A plant cell has completed nuclear division and is beginning cytokinesis. Which structure is expected to form between the daughter nuclei?
A centrosome ring
A cleavage furrow
A tetrad
A cell plate
7. Which event is chiefly responsible for reducing chromosome number from diploid to haploid during meiosis?
DNA replication during interphase
Separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I
Chromosome condensation during prophase I
Separation of sister chromatids during meiosis II
8. A cut in the skin heals as nearby body cells produce genetically similar replacement cells. Which process is primarily responsible?
Meiosis, because it reduces chromosome number before repair
Mitosis, because it produces cells suitable for growth and tissue repair
Fertilization, because it combines chromosomes from two cells
Crossing over, because it creates replacement tissue
9. Which change most directly divides the cytoplasm of a typical animal cell?
Constriction of the membrane into a cleavage furrow
Formation of a cell plate at the equator
Pairing of homologous chromosomes
Breakdown of the nuclear envelope
10. A mutation disables a checkpoint that normally prevents division when DNA is badly damaged. What is the most direct likely consequence?
The cell may continue dividing despite carrying damaged DNA
The cell can no longer replicate DNA during S phase
The cell must enter meiosis instead of mitosis
The cell will always produce haploid daughter cells
11. Two siblings produced by the same parents usually inherit different combinations of alleles. Which meiotic mechanisms contribute most directly to this difference?
Chromosome condensation and spindle breakdown
DNA replication and cytokinesis
Crossing over and independent assortment
Cleavage-furrow formation and telophase
12. Which statement correctly compares DNA replication in mitosis and meiosis?
Both begin after DNA replication, but meiosis has no additional S phase between meiosis I and II
DNA replicates only before mitosis, not before meiosis
DNA replicates before every nuclear division in both processes
Meiosis II includes DNA replication that does not occur in mitosis
13. A homologous chromosome pair fails to move to opposite poles during meiosis I. What division error has occurred?
Nondisjunction
Crossing over
Cytokinesis
DNA replication
14. What normally happens to sister chromatids during anaphase of mitosis?
They pair with homologous chromosomes
They exchange corresponding DNA segments
They replicate to form additional chromatids
They separate and move toward opposite poles
15. During which part of the cell cycle is nuclear DNA normally replicated before mitosis begins?
G1 phase
S phase
M phase
G2 phase
16. A geneticist observes homologous chromosomes exchanging corresponding DNA segments between nonsister chromatids. When does this normally occur?
Prophase of mitosis
Metaphase II of meiosis
Prophase I of meiosis
Telophase I of meiosis