Cardiovascular System Quiz
Questions: 16 · 10 minutes
1. Which statement correctly distinguishes arteries from veins?
Arteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins carry blood toward it
Arteries always carry oxygen-rich blood, while veins always carry oxygen-poor blood
Arteries have valves throughout, while veins never contain valves
Arteries exchange gases with tissues, while veins generate blood pressure
2. When a person stands suddenly, arterial pressure may briefly fall. Which response helps restore it?
A slower heart rate and widespread vasodilation
A slower heart rate and reduced cardiac contractility
Reduced venous return and reduced ventricular filling
A faster heart rate and increased peripheral vasoconstriction
3. A person's heart rate is 70 beats per minute and stroke volume is 70 millilitres per beat. What is the cardiac output?
1.0 litres per minute
7.0 litres per minute
4.9 litres per minute
9.8 litres per minute
4. Blood returning directly from the lower body normally enters the right atrium through which vessel?
Inferior vena cava
Aorta
Superior vena cava
Pulmonary trunk
5. If an arteriole narrows while the pressure difference across it stays constant, what happens to resistance and blood flow through that vessel?
Resistance falls and flow rises
Resistance and flow both rise
Resistance rises and flow falls
Resistance and flow both fall
6. In which type of blood vessel does most exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes occur?
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Arterioles
7. A blood pressure reading is 120/80 mmHg. What is the pulse pressure?
20 mmHg
40 mmHg
80 mmHg
100 mmHg
8. During exercise, arterioles supplying an active skeletal muscle dilate. What is the most direct local effect?
Resistance rises and blood flow falls
Resistance falls and blood flow rises
Resistance and blood flow both fall
Resistance rises while blood flow remains unchanged
9. Which chamber receives oxygen-rich blood returning from the lungs?
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Left atrium
10. Which valve lies between the left atrium and left ventricle?
Mitral valve
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve
Tricuspid valve
11. Damage to the atrioventricular node would most directly interfere with which function?
Returning blood from the lungs to the heart
Opening the aortic valve during ventricular contraction
Relaying and delaying electrical impulses from atria to ventricles
Supplying oxygenated blood to the heart muscle
12. A coronary artery becomes obstructed. Which tissue is most directly deprived of oxygen?
The blood inside the left atrium
The lining of the pulmonary veins
The skeletal muscles of the chest wall
The region of heart muscle supplied by that artery
13. Why is the wall of the left ventricle normally thicker than that of the right ventricle?
It stores more blood between heartbeats
It receives blood directly from the venae cavae
It must generate greater pressure for systemic circulation
It contracts more frequently than the right ventricle
14. If systemic venous pressure rises substantially, which change is most likely at nearby capillaries?
More fluid tends to move from capillaries into surrounding tissues
Plasma proteins immediately leave the blood in large quantities
Less fluid is filtered because capillary pressure falls
All capillary exchange stops until venous pressure returns to normal
15. After blood leaves the right ventricle, which major vessel does it enter first?
Aorta
Pulmonary trunk
Superior vena cava
Pulmonary vein
16. Just after the left ventricle contracts, which valve closes to prevent blood from flowing back from the aorta?
Tricuspid valve
Mitral valve
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve