Blood Vessels Quiz
Questions: 16 · 10 minutes
1. Which layer directly lines the lumen of a blood vessel?
Tunica externa
Tunica intima
Tunica media
Vasa vasorum
2. A tissue cell receives oxygen and releases carbon dioxide to the blood. In which vessel does this exchange primarily occur?
Capillary
Elastic artery
Arteriole
Large vein
3. What feature defines an artery?
It contains valves throughout its length.
It always carries oxygen-rich blood.
It carries blood away from the heart.
It is the main site of exchange with tissues.
4. Which description best identifies a vascular portal system?
Blood flows from an artery directly into a vein without entering capillaries.
Blood returns to the heart through two veins running in parallel.
Blood passes through two capillary beds before returning to the heart.
Blood passes through the heart twice before reaching a tissue.
5. Under a microscope, a vessel has a thick tunica media and retains a relatively round lumen. Which type is it most likely to be?
A vein
An artery
A capillary
A lymphatic vessel
6. Which vessel carries oxygen-poor blood away from the heart in normal adult circulation?
Pulmonary vein
Aorta
Coronary artery
Pulmonary artery
7. During systole, the aorta stretches; during diastole, it recoils. What is a major benefit of this behavior?
It helps maintain forward blood flow between heartbeats.
It changes oxygen-poor blood into oxygen-rich blood.
It prevents any blood from entering smaller arteries during systole.
It replaces the need for resistance vessels.
8. The outer portions of a large artery are too far from the lumen to receive enough oxygen by diffusion alone. Which vessels help supply the artery's wall?
Venous sinuses
Vasa vasorum
Pulmonary capillaries
Precapillary sphincters
9. What is the primary function of valves in many limb veins?
To limit backward blood flow as blood returns to the heart
To direct blood from arteries into capillaries
To increase oxygen diffusion into the blood
To generate the pressure that moves blood
10. An artery becomes obstructed, but an anastomosis links its territory with a neighboring artery. How can the anastomosis help?
It can make blood bypass every capillary in the tissue.
It can convert the obstructed artery into a vein.
It can eliminate the tissue's need for oxygen.
It can provide an alternative route for blood to reach the tissue.
11. Two arterioles have the same length and carry blood of the same viscosity, but one has a smaller internal radius. What is expected in the narrower arteriole?
Lower resistance to flow
No change in resistance
Higher resistance to flow
Reversal of blood-flow direction
12. After blood enters a small artery supplying a tissue, which sequence correctly traces its path back toward the heart?
Arteriole → capillary → venule → vein
Capillary → arteriole → venule → vein
Arteriole → venule → capillary → vein
Venule → capillary → arteriole → vein
13. A metabolically active tissue releases local signals that relax its precapillary sphincters. What should happen next?
Less blood enters the tissue's capillary bed.
More blood enters the tissue's capillary bed.
The capillaries develop a thick smooth-muscle layer.
Venous valves close permanently.
14. Which capillary feature most directly supports rapid diffusion between blood and tissues?
A thick layer of smooth muscle
Multiple layers of elastic tissue
A series of internal valves
A wall formed mainly by a single layer of endothelial cells
15. An arteriole supplying a tissue dilates while other relevant conditions remain unchanged. What is the most likely immediate effect?
Resistance rises and downstream blood flow falls.
Resistance and downstream blood flow both fall.
Resistance falls and downstream blood flow rises.
Blood begins flowing from the tissue toward the heart through the arteriole.
16. A person begins walking after standing still, and contractions of the calf muscles help move blood upward through the leg veins. What mechanism is operating?
Arteriolar vasoconstriction
Elastic recoil of the aorta
Capillary filtration
The skeletal-muscle pump